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Morphology
Vegetative Terms
Articulate: having a swollen or discolored joint at the base of a stipe or stem.
Costa: axis of a pinna.
Costule: branch of a costa.
Frond: a leaf of a fern, including a stipe or stem.
Hair: an epidermal outgrowth composed of a single elongate cell or a single file of cells.
Lamina: the expanded portion of a frond.
Pinna: a segment of a compound lamina.
Pinnule: a secondary or tertiary division of a compound leaf, which is 2-3 pinnate.
Pinnate: said of any divided frond or leaf where the division is complete to the midrib,
with the formation of distinct pinnae, pinnules, or leaflets.
Rachis or Midrib: the principal, central axis of a compound lamina.
Rhizome: the rootstock or stem, an erect or creeping, usually scaly or hairy organ bearing fronds and adventitious roots.
Scale: a multicellular, epidermal outgrowth.
Stipe: the petiole or stalk of a frond.
Stolon or Runner: a spreading or horizontal asexual stem that roots along its length or at its tip to form new plants.
Reproductive Terms
Annullus: a row of thick and thin walled cells of the sporangium, which cause the sporangium to open and to discharge its spores.
Gametopyte: the inconspicuous structures that bear male and female sex organs and sex cells.
Indusium: a usually thin, often scale-like membrane or structure partially or fully covering or subtending the sorus and protecting the young sporangia.
Prothallus: the independent gametophyte. The site of se4cual reproductions in fens.
Sporophyte: the conspicuous plants that bear spores.
Sinus: the space between two lobes of a margin.
Sorus: a cluster of sporangia having a distinct shape.
Sporangium: the region where spores are produced.
Spores: a unicellular, reproductive structure produced by the sporangia and germinating to form a mature plant.
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